Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Theory - Essay Example Since his initial age, Descartes had started to question each conventional reality, he had ever known or learned. His questions even arrived at his own reality on the planet. In this way, in his Discourse on Method Meditations and Principles, Descartes clarifies and explains the standards of his way of thinking that rely upon incredulity and vulnerability. At that point, he began to reconstruct his insight, just as our own, by demonstrating his own reality, and the presence of brain, soul, and God. As saw by numerous scholars, â€Å"the Method of Doubt eventually includes the assignment of expelling every single unsure conviction, guaranteeing that lone convictions that are absolutely evident convictions stay in one's philosophy† (Bellotti). So as to take us from the condition of complete uncertainty to finish assurance, Descartes made a savvy association between his strategy for uncertainty and his technique for request, turning to the utilization of the logical strategy for intuition, supported by previous masterminds and savants. Generally, the logical technique can be considered as a procedure, in which one adjusts himself and his past information, through persistent assessment of truth, for the last point of discovering answers to questions. This assessment of truth is what is alluded to as uncertainty and suspicion by Descartes (Bracken). Hypothetically, the logical technique for speculation, as rehearsed by celebrated masterminds, for example, Galileo and Francis Bacon, takes two principle structures: deductive thinking and inductive thinking. Expanding on the speculations of extraordinary previous masterminds, Descartes found that the deductive technique most appropriate his philosophical standards. To outline, the deductive type of the logical technique comes to a provable genuine end result by thinking after the use of keen trials and sound rationale. The inductive strategy, then again, begins with perceptions, which make a speculation to be de monstrated through an affirmation procedure. This type of the logical technique can be prove, for instance, in Newton’s law of gravity. He showed up at this law subsequent to watching the fall of the apple from the tree. This perception drove him to make a theory about a shrouded power that let the apple fall, driving him to show up at the law of gravity. Despite what might be expected, the deductive type of the logical technique doesn't begin with a theory; rather, it takes a gander at the effectively existent realities and looks at them through thinking to determine decision about the exactness and credibility of the reality. Along these lines, this was actually what Descartes needed to actualize, in regards to his way of thinking of uncertainty. For him, any well established actuality can be questioned till it is sensibly end up being valid through thinking (Roach). Descartes determined this trust in the idea of rationale and thinking from his experience as a mathematician . He plainly expresses this reality, when he says that he was charmed â€Å"with science as a result of the conviction of its exhibits and the proof of its reasoning† (Beardsley, p. 9). Utilizing his scientific foundation, Descartes at that point would in general apply rationale and thinking to all his future philosophical standards. Executing the deductive type of the logical technique, Descartes goes on in his reflections to encounter a scholarly excursion, where he questions each and every reality in our reality. As supported by numerous eyewitnesses, â€Å"Descartes starts his strategy for question by thinking about that he has, before, been hoodwinked by his faculties †things have looked a way that they are not† (Lacewing). Accordingly, this logical technique

Defining And Understanding Empowerment Social Work Essay

Characterizing And Understanding Empowerment Social Work Essay Strengthening can be characterized when all is said in done as the limit of people, gatherings as well as networks deal with their conditions and accomplish their own objectives, subsequently having the option to move in the direction of helping themselves as well as other people to expand the nature of their lives. In wellbeing and social consideration strengthening implies patients, carers and administration clients practicing decision and assuming responsibility for their lives. It isn't that one is enabled implies the individual become all amazing like God. Regardless of whether we are engaged still we have restriction. Genuine importance of strengthening is that one feels that the person capable and feels amazing enough in specific circumstances to partake in dynamic. I likewise will clarify how legislative issues had an impact in weakening ladies in wellbeing and social consideration administrations. It is a biggest test in wellbeing and social consideration to accomplish progr ess with the strengthening of carers and individuals who get administrations. Beginnings of twentieth century ladies were sabotaged on account of governmental issues had an influence. Liberation is a generally utilized word in other western European nations to allude to what in the UK mean by strengthening. The word liberation has is helpful in light of the fact that it has hints of the battle for votes in favor of ladies in Britain toward the start of the twentieth century, so it advises us that empowermentâ â in the wellbeing and social administrations has a political angle. At the point when carers and individuals who use administrations experience being sabotaged and barred, this is a type of political disappointment. At the end of the day, it is just as they have no vote and are not treated as full citizenry. Interestingly, when individuals become enabled, they can practice decisions and have the chance of expanding their latent capacity and living full and dynamic lives. Â There is a strain between empowering individuals to assume responsibility for their lives and perceiving that laborers may need to intercede and take control now and again, so as to secure others. This applies to both strengthening and promotion. Strengthening for individuals with learning inabilities is the procedure by which they create expanded aptitudes to assume responsibility for their lives. This will assist them with accomplishing objectives and goals, augmenting their personal satisfaction. A key element in engaging individuals is giving them a voice and effectively tuning in to what they need to state. Strengthening is, subsequently, firmly connected to the idea of promotion. Strengthening in learning inability can be portrayed as a social procedure, whereby individuals who are considered as having a place with a demonized social gathering can be helped to create expanded aptitudes to assume responsibility for their lives. This expanded control will assist them with achieving their objectives and desires and along these lines possibly augment the nature of their lives. The idea has associations with self-assuredness and freedom and is obviously connected to the different types of backing. While considering the present atmosphere it is to some degree a prosecution on our occasions that the Government sees the need to name the White Paper with respect to its vision for learning handicap benefits as Valuing People. The title alone contrarily recommends that as a general public we are not esteeming individuals. The substance presents the proof on levels of prohibition, debilitation and absence of esteemed social jobs confronting those with a learning incapacity and how administrations ought to be intended to address this. (A comparative Scottish Executive Review of Learning Disability has the title The Same As You.) For the person with a learning incapacity, the emotional experience of strengthening is about rights, decision and control which can lead them to a progressively self-ruling way of life. For the expert, it is about enemy of abusive work on, adjusting rights and duties and supporting decision and strengthening while keeping up protected and moral practice. Training is frequently observed as the fundamental motor of strengthening, fairness and privileges of access. Hence, as a gathering, individuals with a learning incapacity can be at a specific hindrance. They may must be empowered and bolstered to maybe beat social impediments and can be reliant on others to make significant data open to them, help them with support and help defend their privileges. A key component in engaging people is giving them a voice and afterward listening effectively to what they must state. Individual Centered Planning with its attention on putting the person at the focal point of the procedure and utilizing methods to get significant cooperation can be a significant commitment to discovering what individuals must state. Strengthening will carry alongside it rights and obligations in addition to likewise potential dangers for individuals. It is frequently the dread of physical hazard which can repress strengthening forms for individuals who consider themselves to be answerable for powerless individuals. They may fear an accuse culture if things turn out badly. Shockingly, as of late as 1998, the Social Services Inspectorate noted there were no precise methodologies for hazard appraisal and the board in the field of learning incapacity. The Foundation for People with a Learning Disability set out to distinguish great practice in how to accommodate the pressure between guaranteeing the security of a person with a learning incapacity and engaging them to appreciate a full life in the network. A report was delivered called Empowerment and Protection (Alaszewski et al, 1999) which proposed that associations expected to create hazard arrangements which grasp both assurance and strengthening issues at a similar point. The meaning of hazard should take a gander at results and likelihood. Strategies ought to likewise incorporate, from the beginning, the desires and needs of the individual who has the learning handicap and include themâ throughout, including the dynamic stage. Such remarks about associations creating proper hazard techniques show that strengthening isn't there justâ as an idea for cutting edge staff, yet ought to infiltrate the key arranging levels. Esteeming People states (Section 4.27) that individuals with a learning incapacity ought to be counseled for their perspectives on administrations and these perspectives used at a corporate arranging level. In Mrs Ali case she is engaged by Muslim strict confidence to take of her bed-bound spouse despite the fact that interestingly her guardian Jean accepts that Mrs Ali ought to be enabled. This demonstrates religion likewise engage a few people to take care defenseless individuals.

College Essay Sells Examples About Yourself

College Essay Sells Examples About YourselfThe first thing you need to do is search for college essay samples about yourself. Here you will find many topics that you can use as you write your own essay. You can select from a wide variety of subjects. You can even search through the sample materials that are free to view online and see how others have written on the same topic.A good college essay sample contains the writer's name and other information to help with research. You can always do your own research, but it is nice to get some pointers. College teachers will like to see that you took time to prepare for this assignment. Good essay samples about yourself should also include an author's last name and a short biography of the writer. They can also find out about your academic standing and your job.If you are searching online, you can use the Internet to see what the writer has written and if there is a copyright date. You can also view what other people have written about the writer in the essay sample you have chosen. You will be able to see how others have written about themselves and you can study their essay samples about yourself.Of course, you can do all of these things on your own and also look at a number of college essay sample selling sites online. Some websites have samples for free and others will require payment to view a sample. However, you may be able to search online for the samples and see if they have sample essays about yourself. Make sure that you choose a site that offers free samples.Once you have chosen to write your own essay and you have researched the topic, you need to gather all of the materials that you will need to complete the assignment. There may be references that you need to find in order to give you an idea of what the assignment is going to be like. A reference book could be useful when you are trying to write your own essay about yourself.You can also request assistance from a student teacher or guidance counselor. These people may know students who can help you review your work. They can tell you to look for certain areas in the essay that you may have difficulty with. It is very important to review the essay thoroughly before it is submitted to a college professor.Take the time to learn all that you can about writing a college essay sample. That way you can focus your attention on writing the best essay possible. You may need to use help with some parts of the assignment. Your guidance counselor or student teacher can give you the extra help you need.Finally, it is very important to finish your writing on time so that you will not have to redo any of your work. College essays are very demanding assignments and they can cause problems for those who do not have the skills or the knowledge to complete them properly. Take your time to get a feel for the format that works best for you and your writing style before you submit the essay.

Project Proposal Simple Linear Regression Project

PROJECT PROPOSAL Fall 2014 / IE 5318 (APPLIED LINEAR REGRESSION) Dr. VICTORIA CHEN STUDENT NAME(S): PROJECT NAME: SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION PROJECT I) PROJECT-PROPOSAL: ABSTRACT: We have considered the NBA statistics for the year 2013. We here perform an analysis to find the response of variables when different predictor variables are chosen. Here, we make observations corresponding to 38 players in the year 2013. The data set we have chosen includes: Predictor variables: X1 –Total minutes played. X2 – Number of Field goals made X3 – Number of Field throws made X4 – Number of Rebounds. Response Variables: Y – Total points scored in the year 2013 by 38 players. The reason for analyzing this data is to check the way the plots change for different predictor variables and to check the normality, linearity of the model etc. in such a way that it exhibits easy understanding. For the chosen data, we establish a relationship between the predictor variables and the Points scored (Response Variable). This helps any person to estimate the points scored at any point of time for a chosen predictor variable. DATA SET ANALYSIS: We here consider 38 observations and we plot the predictor variables against points scored. PLOT 1 : POINTS SCORED VS MINUTES PLAYED: X1 – Total minutes played (Predictor Variable); Y – Total points scored (Response Variable) PLOT 2: POINTS SCORED VS FIELD GOALS MADE: X2 – Number of Field goals made (PredictorShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Non Independent Variable, Dependent Variable And A Mediator On The Student s Sleep Quality Rating Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagestermed â€Å"Qualtrics.† The incentive to take this questionnaire and complete it accurately was eight points worth of extra credit awarded to students who did so. Additionally, it was disclosed that students would be using the survey data for later project purposes and should answer truthfully to provide themselves with the best possible statistics. Of the 278 participants, there were 276 valid responses to gender identification. Of that 276, 59 identified as males and 217 identified as female. TheRead MoreThe Recidivism Area On Juvenile Delinquency1670 Words   |  7 Pagesjuvenile delinquency and investigate how it affects recidivism rates. The primary attention for this research proposal purpose is to rely only on juvenile delinquency data as the necessary spe cific information is not available for the adult population. Certainly, limitations exist as data is not collected by the author of this research proposal. However, due to limited resources this proposal utilizes quantitative methods based on secondary data regardless of its limitations. Therefore, the author hasRead MoreArtificial Intelligent in Construction Management4348 Words   |  18 PagesIntelligence for Project Management Final Report Instructor: Prof. Rayson Chou Student: Bui Quang Nha : M9705809 Fillip Korsa : E9815001 Table of Contents Abstract 4 1. Introduction 5 1.1. Background 5 1.2. Business needs for pavement life cycle prediction 5 2. Project statement 5 2.1. Problem definition 5 2.2. Project objective 6 3. Data description and preprocessing 8 3.1. Data description 8 3.2. Data preprocessing 9 4. Data mining techniques 12 4.1 Linear Regression 12 4.2Read MoreHmpyc80 Research Methodology3369 Words   |  14 Pagestwo or more means.) (BG p. 174) Factorial Analysis of Variance (BG p.180) TOPIC 2 CORRELATIONAL DESIGN Correlation coefficient (BG p. 208) Regression analysis, testing Beta (BG p.221) Prediction and regression analysis (BG p. 235) Multiple regression analysis (BG p.245) TOPIC 3 FACTOR ANALYISIS (BG p. 268) Latent and manifest variable TOPIC 4 RESEARCH PROPOSAL REVIEW Qualitative analysis (Tut 104 p101) and Paradigms (p.86)- Positivism Triangulation /Observation / Interviews / Bracketing Ethics TOPICRead MoreFinance2116 Words   |  9 Pages$15,000. REINVESTING | SAVINGS GROWTH | 20% | 4% | Growing Savings in perpetuity | $62,500 | Growing Reinvest in perpetuity | $12,500 | Total Present Value | $50,000 | Net present value | $15,000 | 2. CONCESSION STAND Project | Investment | Year1 | Year2 | Year3 |    |    |    | Add a new window | ($75,000) | $44,000 | $44,000 | $44,000 |    |    |    | Update Exist. Equipment | ($50,000) | $23,000 | $23,000 | $23,000 |    |    |    | Build a New Stand | ($125,000)Read MoreThe Planning Of Software Development Project2652 Words   |  11 PagesABSTRACT In the planning of software development project, a major challenge faced by project managers is to predict the re-work effort. (re-work effort is the effort require to fix the software defects identified during system testing). Project manager objective is to deliver the software that not only meets the time and cost requirements but also the quality requirements given by the client. To ensure the quality of the software, many testing cycle will be conducted before it is finally deliveredRead MoreCredit Evaluation Model For Banks Using Data Mining Techniques4296 Words   |  18 PagesTechnology A Project submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science In the field of Industrial Engineering Advisory Committee: Dr. Hoo Sang Ko Graduate School Southern Illinois University Edwardsville August, 2015 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ii LIST OF FIGURES iii LIST OF TABLES iii ABSTRACT iv CHAPTER 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Decision Process for Credit Evaluation 3 1.2 Problem Statement 4 1.3 Aim of the Project 4 1.4 ObjectivesRead MoreSmall Business Approach Value Creation By Finding Out If There Is A Roi Number Essay6788 Words   |  28 Pagesand Stark in 1987 between the cash recovery rate and the economic profit. In essence, the deviations that occur between ROI and IRR are because of the timing of the returns and the time horizon of the project. To take this matter into account, a model that generates the outcomes of an investment project was created. The results that stem from this model were later graphed and analyzed, concluding that IRRs that come from single ROIs can be delimited, but this delimitation cannot be defined, since dataRead MoreMethodology of Information System Development2589 Words   |  11 Pages Methodologies are seen as written information in the form of books and other documents by detailing every activity which needs to be implemented by system developers. This includes  documentation forms  and  reports  that need to be provided by the project team. There are also methodologies in a more shortened form, which contains general instructions on what needs to be implemented. Do you know that many methodologies today have been shaped from other methodologies? This has been done after some adaptationsRead MoreLong Term Development Policy Paper5988 Words   |  24 Pagescurrently use facility condition assessment (FCA), the â€Å"decline of a facility’s condition within 6 years of inspection†, and statistical methods to estimate the condition of terminal facilities by age. The specific statistical method used is a linear regression model that predicts FCI or DM in dollars as a function of facility age. A September 2013, GAO Audit, (U.S. Government Aoun tability Office, 2013) found dissimilarity in practices used to determine facility conditions made data comparison and

Educational and Entertaining Veterans Day Printables

Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin - 982 Words

No one can really know what goes on in the author’s mind. It is one of the most frequently asked question in each English class. To really know what the author is talking about, it is better to ask them directly in person, but the unfortunate part is that they might be dead. In the play, A Raisin in the Sun, the author, Lorraine Hansberry, choose to name her play from a famous poem by Langston Hughes. It is difficult to really know why she choose Hughes’ poem but there are reasons to infer. Lorraine Hansberry choose to name her play after Langston Hughes’ poem because of what the poem meant and that poem closely related to the characters within the play. Langston Hughes was one of the most important writers and thinkers of the Harlem Renaissance. One of his most prominent work was a poem was a poem called Harlem. The speaker starts off in this poem by asking what happens to a dream deferred and tries to come up with possible answers. He wonders if dreams dried up like a raisin in the sun, ooze like a wound and then run, smell like rotten mean or develop a sugary crust. Hughes wrote this poem to address the limitations of the American Dream for African Americans. During the 1950s, when this poem was written in, America was racially segregate and African Americans had a legacy of slavery on their backs that rendered them a lower class. Hughes wrote this poem three years before the case Brown vs. Board of Education that declared states to establish separate public schools forShow MoreRelatedLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1120 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A raisin in the sun† was written by Lorraine Hansberry. The play was not expected to do so well because it had one white cast member, an inexperienced director, and an untried playwright. Set in the south side of Chicago in the 1950s, the play begins in the morning in the Youngers apartment. Their apartment has two bedrooms, one for mama and Beneatha, and one for Ruth and Walter, while Wal ter’s son Travis sleeps on the couch in the living room. Ruth gets up first and talks and Walter and TravisRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1474 Words   |  6 PagesLorraine Hansberry created the play A Raisin in the Sun. A Raisin in the Sun recounts an anecdote about The Youngers who is a poor African American family living on the Southside of Chicago. A chance to escape from neediness comes as a $10,000 extra security watch that the female authority of the family (Lena/Mama) gets upon her significant other s passing. Lena s kids, Walter and Beneatha, each have plans with the cash. The most established child, Walter (a man of 35 with a spouse and a youthfulRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1758 Words   |  8 Pagesare located right within the â€Å"Black Metropolis†. Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun takes place in Southside Chicago in the 1950s. It revolves around the Younger family who bought a house in a white neighborhood with the m oney of Big Walter’s insurance check. But they are facing problems from the neighborhood as the â€Å"welcoming committee† offers to buy the house of off them just so they will not move into the neighborhood. In the play A Raisin in the Sun one of the many issues the YoungerRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1278 Words   |  6 Pages A Raisin In The Sun by Lorraine Hansberry is a realistic fictional drama in which the play s title and the characters represent the play s theme. The play focused on black American struggles to reach the American Dream of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness during the 1950’s and the 1960’s. The idea of everyone having the chance to achieve a better life should exist for all. Hansberry created her title using a line from Langston Hughes’ poem â€Å"A Dream Deferred† the original poem wasRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin869 Words   |  4 Pagesand I pass them cool quiet looking restaurants where them white boys are sitting back and talking bout things†¦sitting there turning deals worth millions of dollars†¦sometimes I see guys don’t look much older than me’’- (1.2.226). A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry was published in 1959, develops the plot of an African American family facing a war against racism in the slums of Chicago. They are a family of 5 squeezed in a two-bedroom apartment, they are restricted socially and financially withRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1147 Words   |  5 PagesIn A Raisin In The Sun by Lorraine Hansberry. Broward College, Central Campus Theater in building 6, on Sunday, the 1st of November. The play was performed by Broward College students. The type of stage was Proscenium stage with extended apron. I thought it was a little bit small, but it did not show as a problem. The pre-show was dark and a feel of suspense. I felt excited to see how everything would play out. The play takes place down south of Chicago in the 1950’s. The production was much aRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin1995 Words   |  8 Pages In A Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry utilizes the insurance check to symbolize the American Dream as the check provides the members of Younger family with the opportunity to achieve their aspirations. The concept of the check reveals Walter’s and Mama’s perceptions of themselves and of their lifestyle, and their responses to the check reveals their contrasting approaches for escaping their impoverished world; therefore, Walter’s and Mama’s characteristics and reaction to the arrival of theRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Of The Sun1527 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† is about the Younger Family who live in a small apartment in Chicago. The family is torn apart as every member has different dreams and goals, yet Mama and her daughter-in-law Ruth desperately attempt to hold the family all together. In both the movie and the play, the family’s dreams remain the same. Mama wants her family to get along and she wants t o purchase a house. Her son, Walter, wants the life insurance money from his father to invest in a liquor store to achieve hisRead MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pages A Raisin in the Sun is a dramatic play written by Lorraine Hansberry in 1957 and debut on Broadway in 1959. Lorraine Hansberry used the title A Raisin in the Sun from Harlem A Dream Deferred a poem by Langston Hughes, Which ponders the question of what happens to a dream if it’s never achieved. The play helps shed light on the lives and struggles of a black family during the Civil Rights movement. The play was set in the Southside of Chicago during the Civil Rights movement, sometime between 1945Read MoreLorraine Hansberry s A Raisin975 Words   |  4 Pagesin televisions, magazines and newspaper ads. As poor blacks invest their life’s work in trying and subsequently failing to achieve this imaginary dream, they end up devouring any sense propriety remaining in their life; the play A Raisin in The Sun by Lorraine Hansberry exemplifies this tragedy. In the play Lena Younger and her family was rewarded ten thousand dollars of life insurance money, which is a lot of money for a family of their socioeconomic class. With that kind of money the Youngers dreamt

Sacrifices in The Crucible free essay sample

Social order is a fragile concept; the most extraneous of details can cause it to spiral into chaos. In The Crucible, the inhabitants of Salem, Massachusetts experience the unforgiving disruptance of social order. Many attempted to end the witch trials promptly to the start of them, but their sacrifices rendered futile. John Proctor, a farmer, was the only citizen of Salem whose sacrifice made a significant, positive, impact on the restoration of social order. In Act l, John Proctor and Abigail Williams had a conversation that state both engaged in sexual relations, making Abigail a harlot and Proctor an adulterer. Abigail, throughout the encounter, talks of Elizabeth Proctor as if she is the only one keeping John Proctor and herself from being together. As the intensity of the witch trails reach its climax, Elizabeth Proctor is accused of being a witch. When Cheever arrives to take Elizabeth to Jail, Proctor inquires about the accuser, who happens to be Abigail Williams. We will write a custom essay sample on Sacrifices in The Crucible or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page John then tells Mary Warren, Abigails abettor, to testify against her. When this fails in court, Proctor sacrifices everything he owns, his name, his familys reputation, and his life, by saying, It is a whore! (Act Ill, scene i). John Proctor dmitted lechery in a prevailing attempt to call out Abigail on her pretense in seeing spirits and witches. Soon after this, John is arrested and Abigail is allowed freedom. Also, Reverend Hale denounces the proceedings of the court. The sacrifice made by Proctor made the puritan society of Salem, Massachusetts question the claims made by Abigail and her friends. When John Proctor accuses Abigail of harlotry, she is forced to run away to save herself from shame. The witch trials also end soon afterwards and social order starts its restoration process. The people of Salem once again start to trust each other and put away grudges of the past.

Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas Essay Example

Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas Paper In this particular case, Kent Graham faces various normative theories of ethics. The situation faced by Kent Graham is very much important to be discussed as it deals with a very general situation which are faced by several people in their professional lives these days and also it gives a wide scope to study and analyze the various ethical dimensions of normative ethics. The situation faced by Kent Graham major constitutes of an ethical dilemma, which is the decision he has attempted and made. Cants ethics is also reasonably highlighted in this case as he is torn into two minds between a professional account manager and a responsible family head. One of the most important ethics that Kent Graham displays in this case is his egoism, which is compensated by his act as it also includes virtue ethics. Utilitarianism has also been highlighted in the decisions and situations faced by Kent Graham in this particular case study. One of the most considered and repeatedly occurring problem in ethical dimensions is the ethical dilemma. Ethical dilemma defines itself as a situation in which there is no obvious right or wrong decision. These arguments can be refuted in various ways, for example by showing that the claimed ethical dilemma is only apparent and does not really exist (thus is not a paradox logically), or that the solution to the ethical dilemma involves choosing the greater good and lesser evil, or that the whole framing of the problem is omitting creative alternatives, or more recently that situational ethics or situated ethics must apply because the case cannot be removed from context and still be understood (wisped). We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Legal and Social Environment of Business Ethical Dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Rules-based reasoning is concerned with how we make the decision, not its consequences. Rules-based seasoning argues that the ends can never really be known until long after weve made our decision, so therefore we can only guess as to the likely ends or consequences, and that this is very unreliable (Bowel, 2006). In this situation Of the particular case study, Kant Graham tackles a major ethical dilemma. He is torn between the two completely different tracks of decision to make. On one side he has to start closing some big accounts, which would benefit his company, and he would personally gain benefits, which would lead to his family welfare. On the other hand he feels tinged with uncertainty and lilt, as he has not revealed the truth to the Spray-On Inc. Company. If the receiving company came to know that the deal was not completely true and the goods were out sourced, then the Durra-Stick Company as well as him personally will face many complicated problems. But he is bound to his duty and faces heavy confusion to make the right decision and faces the ethical dilemma. Today we tend to approach the study of ethics from the point of view of individuals, with each person having his or her own special personal interests and relationships (Roger Cants ethics is considered to be an important section of ethical dimension. Kant sought moral principles that do not rest on contingencies and that define actions as inherently right or wrong apart from any particular circumstances (Shaw ; Barry). He believed that moral rules in principle, be known as a result of reason alone and are not based on observations. Kant basically emphasizes on the good will hidden in the actions of an individuals activities. For Kant, an absolute moral truth must b logical consistent, free from internal contradictions. For example if, it is contradiction to say that an effect does not have a cause. Kant aimed to ensure that his absolute moral law would avoid such contradictions. If he formulate such a rule, he maintained, everyone would be obliged to follow it without exception. Cants ethics can be well applied for this situation of Kent Graham. Kent is in a situation where his bonds of duty to his family hold him in making a decision that will profit him personally. He is under the pressure to support his family and this thought cannot be considered wrong or as a crime. Kent took the decision to negotiate the firms deal, which is an act that loud be right or moral as it came from the cause of good will and duty. Like Rousseau and Hobbes, we at least think of the state as if it had arisen out of social contracts with people. Another ethic to put light on for this situation is the Egoism. Ethics has defined egoism as the view that equates morality with self-interest. Egoism contends that an act is morally right if and only if it best promotes an agents long-term interest (Shaw ; Barry). Moral philosophers distinguish between two kinds of egoism: personal and impersonal. Both are more overly based on the long-term interests. In this situation Kent Graham portrays a great deal of egoism, which can be further related to personal egoism. In order to retain his position in the firm and also for the welfare of his family, Kent graham goes ahead in negotiating his deal to Jack Olson at Spray-On Inc. And also his own company Durra-stick. Kent also fears that his time with Durra Stick might be limited unless he starts closing some big accounts. When Jack described his need for a seven-color label with very precise graphics, Kent welcomed it as his big account, which might in turn do well for his company s well as himself. This power of egoism inside him made him to negotiate the larger prices to his company. Kent gave the sample to Marty Klein, who was responsible for coordinating the costs and price quotes for new opportunities. The company gave its quote on the basis of its profits, which itself portrays the impersonal egoism. Kent shadows importance to his professional life in order to live and maintain good standards for his family. This made Kent to hide the true fact that the products to be supplied will be out sourced from another company. Only by hiding this fact did he receive he good news that he had secured his largest order as an account manager. The activities of Kent can be traced back to his personal benefits, which is the core for egoism. The egoism can be neutralized by moral reasoning, which states itself as defining ones decisions by moral standards. In this situation Kent can morally reason out his egoistic decision by the fact of his job as well as supporting his family. An important ethic to highlight is the utilitarianism. Utilitarianism describes itself as the greatest good for the greatest number of people or in simpler terms emphasis the overall good. Utilitarianism is considered to be consequential as it focuses major on the final consequences, which is, the ends justify the means. There might be situations in which lying will produce greater overall good than telling the truth. In such a situation, it would be ethically right to tell a lie. Kant Grahams decision in securing his largest order can be ethically right from this viewpoint of utilitarianism. This is because Cants decision has benefited the whole Durra-Stick Label Products Company, which will in turn increase the companys profits. As the companys profit increases, the stock market values will increase which increases the profits for stakeholders and share markets. In a famous passage, Mill claims that of two pleasures, if there be one to which all or almost all have experience of both give a decided preference That is the most desirable pleasure. Kent Graham had secured his largest order as an account manager for Durra Stick Label Products, which displays the utilitarianism involved in it. Putting light on virtue ethics is quite considerable in this situation. Virtue ethics is based upon the belief that the most important thing in ethics and social relationships is not necessarily in action that are taken but rather the quality of the person who undertakes it. The book The Affluent Sockeye opened with the following quotation from Alfred Marshall: The economist, like everyone else, must concern himself with the ultimate aims of man. This perspective relies on developing character as opposed to discovering the right action in any particular case. Wides alternative to such approaches is to examine the virtues and vices at stake in manipulation advertising (1987, 73). Stanley Been sounds the same note when he suggests that the key question about advertising is whether it promotes a valuable kind of life, with this determination d epending on some objective assessment of what constitutes excellence in human beings (1 987, 73). In this particular case Kent Graham displays virtue ethics as the root cause of his actions is his dedication and devotion to his family. On such a perspective his quality as man devoted for welfare of family is portrayed. His deal negotiation may not be considered wrong but as a result of the person he is with his priorities and preferences. The case study Sticky Situation has helped to demonstrate the understanding and application of the ethical dimensions of business decision- making. Cants situation has neatly unfolded the various ethical issues in business studies.

The title of my paper is Religious Superstition and Prejudice.

The title of my paper is Religious Superstition and Prejudice. During the first class session, we were introduced to a trio of philosophical quotations. One of the quotes was roughly, "What if truth is a monster?". This immediately came to mind when I read the essay question concerning religion and prejudice. Honestly, I don't consider myself to be completely "open-minded". I lack the ability (or willingness) to confront my own beliefs, especially when it comes to religion. As horrible as it sounds, I've grown comfortable with my current views and opinions concerning religious matters. So, it goes without saying that I was a little reluctant to elaborate on this particular subject. However, more than any of the others, this specific question caught my attention. There must be a reason why I found it to be interesting. With that in mind, I decided to take on the challenge to the best of my ability.On the surface, prejudice is a collection of false opinions one holds against a group that is unlike him.English: Cover of a publication of Baruch Spin oza'...These prejudgments are formed without due knowledge or examination and result in irrational hatred of a particular group. The most known prejudices are grounded on the basis of gender, race, nationality, sexual orientation, and age. Such groups are regarded as sub-human, people who are not worthy to receive full human rights. Simply put, prejudice is the abrupt opposite of the "Golden Rule".Because man naturally fears things he does not understand, it is sensible to draw the conclusion that prejudice is an ultimate product of fear. Take for instance, the prejudice many of us hold against tribal communities. Tribes sacrifice animals and mutilate their own bodies in the name of religion. They obviously hold different views from our own and, because we don't understand their way of life, we often consider theminhuman, maybe even ruthless in their...

Women and Children of Rape in Bosnia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Women and Children of Rape in Bosnia - Essay Example If rape was not made a top priority crime, then the prosecutors would end up without any witnesses. After a protracted period of time, the victims of rape now want to lead their lives without any interference, and are not interested in the proceedings of the tribunal. They are no longer willing to testify and are of the opinion that it is highly unlikely for them to obtain justice (Bosnia Rapes Continue to Go Unpunished). A European Community’s agency stated that more than twenty thousand Bosnian Muslim women were raped or sexually assaulted by the military forces of Serbia. In this regard, a UN Commission of Experts had observed that the Bosnian Serbs had implemented a policy of systematic rape against the Bosnian Muslim women. They also committed rapes in the detention camps (Bosnia Rapes Continue to Go Unpunished). A number of people have claimed that the rapes carried out by Bosnian Serbs were part of their ethnic cleansing policy. Under this policy Muslims were to be killed and thrown out of their homes and ultimately from the nation. However, the tribunal decided not to prosecute rape as acts of genocide, and most human rights advocates disagreed with this decision of the tribunal. The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda had also concluded on these lines. The tribunal must provide counseling, legal advice and relocation arrangements, such as new identities for witnesses of rape crime before, during and after the trial (Bosnia Rapes Continue to Go Unpunished). A European Community mission estimated that nearly twenty thousand Bosnian Muslim women had been raped by the troops during the war. The Health Ministry of Croatia concluded that nearly fifty percent of women, who had been accommodated in the base camps in Bosnia, had been subjected to rape. These military forces even raped children aged six years and women aged eighty years. Hundreds of women and children were assumed to have been killed after being subjected to gang rapes. There had

Analyzing advertisements the danger of smoking Essay

Analyzing advertisements the danger of smoking - Essay Example contribute unfavorable pregnancy outcome resulting to death and even poor health of the fetus (Ricci and Kyle, 744; Hanson, Venturelli and Fleckenstein, 307). The sad thing, both the mainstream and secondhand smoke from tobacco could have adverse impact on fetus (Hanson, Venturelli and Fleckenstein, 307). Considering that health warnings placed on tobacco package have continuously received acceptance from various countries, it seems there is observed substantial effectiveness on them, particularly on disseminating information about the health dangers associated with smoking. The goal in most of these ads is to continuously keep everyone knowledgeable about the peril of smoking, not just on the smokers’ health, but including non-smokers’ having no exemption for unborn babies. Ads like these must be degrading to tobacco products, but for as long as these offerings continue to contribute high amount of tax, the government can only regulate warnings such as â€Å"Government Warning: Cigarette Smoking is Dangerous to your Health,† which in some countries have been revolutionized by placing actual pictorials of health warnings on tobacco package, just as presented in this

Strategies of Inventory Administration

Strategies of Inventory Administration AQuestion 1: Answer: INTRODUCTION Inventory management is a characteristic piece of your business that you certainly would prefer not to mess around with. The accompanying are some normal inventory management methods conveyed by associations along with their inventory   holding expenses and potential benefits. Youd most likely require a mix of various strategies for the best approach for your business This inventory management method dispenses with the cost of holding inventory   inside and out. When you have a dropshipping agreement, you can specifically exchange client requests and shipment points of interest to your maker or distributer, who then ships the merchandise straightforwardly to your clients. Along these lines you dont need to keep products in inventory , get the chance to save money on forthright inventory   expenses, and advantage from a positive income cycle. A procedure like dropshipping where both techniques rule out the requirement for distribution centers or work expenses and dangers required with inventory   taking care of, cross-docking is a practice where approaching semi-trailer trucks or railroad autos empty materials specifically onto outbound trucks, trailers, or rail autos with next to zero inventory piling in the middle. (inventory-management) Types of inventory Management Every business includes of their inventory   of company, the material that they offer for sale and any other important material that is realy important for running their business. For maintaining small business there is less need of inventory than large business. Coming up short on products implies you will be unable to take care of demand, while having excessively numerous merchandise implies your cash is tied up in inventory   that you can not offer. Raw Materials This sort of inventory   consists any merchandise utilized as a part of the assembling procedure, for example, components use to assemble a completed item. Raw materials may consist completed merchandise or materials. For instance, for a orange juice organization, oranges, sugar and additives are raw materials; while for a PC producer, chips, circuit sheets and diodes are raw materials. Inventory things might be named raw materials if the association has bought them from an outside organization, or if they are utilized to make components. Work-in-Process Work-in-process inventory   things are those materials and parts that are holding up to be made into something else. These may consist halfway collected things that are holding up to be finished. Work-in-process inventory   things may consist completed merchandise that have not yet been packed and reviewed, and in addition raw materials that have moved from capacity to a preassembly area. For instance, in a orange juice organization, the oranges may come into a capacity zone, where they are raw products, but once they have been moved out of the capacity range and onto the sequential construction system for squeezing, they get to be work-in-process inventory . In a little organization, work-in-process goods might be put away in in the same area as raw materials and completed products. Finished Goods Finished goods   are any items that are prepared to be transported out or sold specifically to clients, including to wholesalers and retailers. Completed products might hold up in a capacity zone or on a shop floor. In the event that the measure of inventory   of Finished goods increase quicker that the measure of raw products and work-in-process products, then creation may need to back off until more completed merchandise are sold. In a few organizations, merchandise are excluded in the completed products inventory   until they are sold. For instance, in organizations where products are made to arrange.(types-inventory-organization) Ordering, holding, and lack costs make up the three principle classifications of inventory related expenses. These groupings broadly separate the a wide range of inventory   costs that exist, and below we will identify and describe a few cases of the different sorts of cost in every class. (-inventory-ordering-holding-and-shortage-costs) Ordering costs Ordering costs, also   called setup expenses, are basically costs acquired each time you submit a request. Illustrations include: Clerical expenses of preparing buy orders There are so many type of clerical costs, for example, receipt preparing, bookkeeping, and correspondence costs. Cost of finding providers and assisting orders Costs spent on these will probably inconsistent, but they are vital costs for the business. Transportation costs The expenses of moving the merchandise to the distribution center or store. These expenses are highly variable across different industries and items. Accepting expenses These include expenses of unloading goods at the distribution center, and reviewing the merchandise to ensure they are the right things and free of defectss. Cost of electronic information exchange   These are systems used by large organizations and particularly retailers, which permit requesting process expenses to be altogether  reduced. Holding costs As known called carrying costs, these are costs required with putting away inventory   before it is sold. Inventory   financing costs This consists everything identified with the investment made in inventory , including costs like interest on working capital. Financing expenses can be complex relying upon the business. Opportunity cost of the cash invested into inventory   This is found by figuring in the lost options of tying cash up in inventory , for example, putting resources into term stores or common assets. Storage space costs These are costs identified with where the inventory   is stored, and will change by area. There will be the cost of the storeroom itself, or rent installments if it is not claimed. At that point there are office preservation costs like lighting, warming, and ventilation. Inventory   services costs This consists the cost of the physical handling of the products, and protection, security, and IT equipment, and applications if these are utilized. Costs identified with inventory   control and cycle counting are further cases. Inventory   risk costs A major cost is shrinkage, which is the loss of items between buying from the provider and last deal because of any number of reasons: burglary, seller extortion, shipping mistakes, harm in travel or capacity. The other fundamental case is out of date quality, which is the cost of products going past their utilization by dates, or generally getting to be distinctly obsolete. (inventory-costs) Shortage Costs These costs, additionally got inventory -out expenses, happen when organizations get to be distinctly out of inventory   for reasons unknown. Disrupted production When the business includes delivering merchandise and in addition offering them, a deficiency will mean the business should pay for things like sit still specialists and industrial facility overhead, notwithstanding when nothing is being created. Emergency   shipments For retailers, inventory -outs could mean paying additional to get a shipment on time, or evolving providers. Client faithfulness and notoriety These expenses are difficult to pinpoint, yet there are positively losses to these when clients can not get their wanted item or administration on time. (inventory-cost) Economic Order Quantity:   Economic order quantity is the level of inventory that limits the level inventory holding expenses and requesting costs. It is one of the most seasoned traditional generation planning models. The structure used to decide this request amount is otherwise called Wilson EOQ Model or Wilson Formula. The model was produced by F. W. Harris in 1913. Yet at the same time R. H. Wilson, an expert who connected it widely, is given acknowledgment for his right on time top to bottom investigation of the model. EOQ is basically a bookkeeping equation that decides the time when the mix of request expenses and inventory conveying expenses are the slightest. The outcome is the most practical amount to arrange. In acquiring this is known as the request amount, in assembling it is known as the generation part estimate. The essential Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) recipe is as per the following: EOQ can be determined by applying the following commonly used formula:(models-of-inventory-management) Q = 2UxP/S Where: Q = Economic Ordering Quantity (EOQ) U = Quantity purchased in a year or month P = Cost of placing an order S = Annual or monthly cost of storage of one unit known as carrying cost. Let us illustrate this with an imaginary example: Let us assume the following data for a firm: Annual requirements 800 units Ordering Cost (per order) Rs. 50 Carrying Cost (per unit) Rs. 100 Now, using the EOQ formula, EOQ quantity will be as follows: EOQ = 2 x 800 x 50/2 = 80,000/2 = 40,000 = 200 Units Yearly USAGE Expressed in units, this is for the most part the simplest piece of the condition. Firm can just utilize its guage yearly use information for computational purposes. CARRYING COST Also called Holding Cost, carrying cost is the cost related with having inventory available. It is basically made up of the expenses related with the inventory investment and storage cost. With the end goal of the EOQ computation, if the cost does not change based upon the amount of inventory available it ought not be included in carrying cost. In the EOQ recipe, conveying expense is spoken to as the yearly cost per normal close by inventory unit. Minimum-Maximum Technique: The minimum maximum framework is regularly utilized as a part of association with manual inventory control frameworks. The base amount in addition to the ideal parcel measure., a demand is started when a withdrawal diminishes the inventory beneath the base level; the request amount is the most extreme short the inventory status after the withdrawal. In the event that the last withdrawal lessens the inventory level significantly beneath the base level, the request amount will be longer than the computed EOQ.The adequacy of a base most extreme framework is controlled by the strategy and accuracy with which the base and greatest parameters are built up. In the event that these parameters are based upon self-assertive judgments with a constrained premise, the framework will be restricted in its viability. In the event that the base depend on a target balanced premise, the framework can be extremely compelling. Two-bin Technique: One of the oldest systems of inventory control is the two bin system which is adopted to control C group inventories. In the two bin system, inventory   of each item is separated into two bins. One bin includess inventory , just sufficient to last from the date a new order is placed until it is received in inventory. The other bin contains a amount of inventory   enough to assure possible demand through the time of replenishment. CONCLUSION Inventory means inventory . It consists raw material, work in advance, completed items, spares in order to meet unexpected demand of clients. It additionally consists upkeep , repairs and working gadgets. There are a few strategies of inventory administration control like EOQ investigation, perpectual inventory, two receptacle procedure, GOLF, SOS methods and so on. Be that as it may, the best method is without a moment to spare examination and EOQ procedure which knows how much amount is required in future. Task B   Question 2: Question 2: 8 0.18 Question 2: 8 0.18 y=a+b b=Æ ©xy-nxyÃÅ'†¦/Æ ©x ²-nxÃÅ'†¦Ã‚ ² b= 38.60-12(144/12)(2.77/12)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2072-(12/2072) 3.86-33.24     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2071.99   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = 5.36/2071.99 = 0.002586 a=yÃÅ'†¦-bxÃÅ'†¦ y/n b(x/n) = 2.77/12 0.002586 (144/12) = 2.77/12 0.031032 = 0.1998 Y = a+bx So, here x is = 10 million Y = 0.1998 + (0.002586)(10)   Ã‚  Ã‚   = 0.1998 + 0.02586 = 0.2256 million. Q.3) a) weighted average forecast weight= .40 = (43*.1)+(44*.2)+(42*03)+41*.1) =4.3+8.8+12.6+16.4 =42.1 Weight= .30 = (44*.1)+( 42*.2) +(41*.3)+ (45*.4) = 4.4+8.4+12.3+18 =43.1 Weight =.20 = (42*.1)+ (41*.2)+ (45*.3)+ 39*.4) = 4.2+ 8.2+ 13.5+15.6 =41.5 b) if actual demand for stage 6 is 39 then demand for stage 7 will 41.5 =(42*.1)+ (41*.2) +(45*.3)+(39*.4) =4.2+8.2+13.5+15.6 =41.5 Q.4   When ÃŽ ±=0.10 When ÃŽ ±=0.30 Solution: Ft+1 = Ft + a(At Ft) inventory-cost. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/inventory-cost.html inventory-costs. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.managementstudyguide.com/inventory-costs.htm inventory-management. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.tradegecko.com/inventory-management-techniques -inventory-ordering-holding-and-shortage-costs. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.unleashedsoftware.com/blog/what-are-inventory-ordering-holding-and-shortage-costs models-of-inventory-management. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/production-management/inventory-control-forms-and-models-of-inventory-management-explained/41081/ types-inventory-organization. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-inventory-organization-14109.html

Johnson and Johnson Case Analysis Essay example -- Business Marketing

Johnson and Johnson Case Analysis Introduction: Johnson and Johnson, commonly called J&J for short, is one of the world’s well known, largest, most decentralized and most diversified health care companies. Since 1887, Johnson and Johnson has been producing, manufacturing and selling products related to human health and well-being. Today J&J has over 200 autonomous operating companies and do business globally specializing in consumer products, medical devices and diagnostics, and pharmaceuticals. Consumer products are the company’s most recognizable segment, including popular brands like Tylenol, Johnson and Johnson Baby Shampoo and Band-Aid. The medical devices and diagnostics segment manufactures products including surgical equipment and contact lenses. The largest of the three segments is pharmaceuticals. Johnson and Johnson is poised for growth on many fronts. Their short-term outlook is bright due to a lead position in the drug-coated stent market. They should also see a substantial increase in prescription drug sales from the recently enacted Medicare regulation, which will grant prescription drug coverage to more Americans. In the long run, J&J should see consistent sales growth fueled by the aging demographics in the United States. Moreover, the medical supplies and services needed by the elderly population will increase simultaneously with the aging of the large baby boomer population. While there is no doubt that J&J is a corporation that has gone a long way and due to its reliability, culture and growth will continue to do well, analyzing the effectiveness of their current strategy is still essential. The question of whether J&J should become more centralized in order to adapt to the changing hospital industry needs to be addressed. Because of the changes in the hospital secto r and because of the changes that distributors underwent in order to meet the hospital changes, J&J inevitably needs to change as well and become more centralized. While I do not think it is possible or even necessary for J&J to become completely centralized, J&J should consider the benefits of becoming more centralized. If J&J continues to be as decentralized as they are they will have a hard time adapting to change, communicating within the organization and contact within the organization will decrease as well. In the recommendation portion of this case analysi... ... Weakness With regard to the internal environment, it is important to analyze J&J’s strengths and weakness. After reading J&J’s website, I was overwhelmed with the strengths that J&J possess. J&J is one of the main competitors in the race to produce the best and most widely used stent. They produced Cypher, a device that is implanted in arteries to help keep arteries open and prevent them from getting clogged. J&J currently posses the largest portion of the coronary stent market with their Cypher stent. Approved in April of 2003 and launched in May, Cypher is the only drug-coated stent to be supported by numerous tests, including four large-scale clinical trials involving 1,800 patients. In tests, Cypher proved more effective than bare metal stents at preventing re-blockage. Another strength that J&J possesses is having high barriers to entry. Entrance into the pharmaceutical industry is difficult. Pharmaceutical companies require large fixed costs, large set up costs and large r esearch and development costs. While this does not insure that new companies will not enter their market, it does give J&J some safety measure at being able to prevent and/or compete with new entrants.

Paulo Freire’s The Banking Concept of Education

In Paulo Freire†s ‘The â€Å"Banking† Concept of Education† the author uses several similes, metaphors and analogies to bring across his main point – the relationship between teachers and students, and the way the teaching process takes place. He feels they way students are taught isn†t as effective as it could be. The main analogy Freire uses, is that teachers â€Å"deposit† information into the students† minds, rather than actually having the students not only learn the material, but know that they know and understand the material presented. He brings about the fact that the majority of what students are taught does not directly involve them or their lives making the material seem almost foreign. To better relate the students to the material, he states the teachers should present the material to students in a way that they understand how it relates to them. Which is very true, considering that when people know that they need to know something that will benefit them in a way apart from taking a test, they tend to retain the information better. Furthermore he says that the teachers should not just teach, and the students should just learn, but that both teachers and students should go through the process of learning together, eliminating the gap of difference that exists between the two. Not only does this eliminate the boredom that often occurs in classrooms, but actually is motivation for students to speak out sharing what they know, which further increases their knowledge, as well as their peers. This selection by Freire could be summed up by a very fitting quote by Plutarch, â€Å"The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be kindled.†

How Health Services Can Provide Culturally Safe Care

Kildea (2006) says that maternity care based on principles of Western models of health care have not been able to improve maternal or perinatal outcomes and Molly Wardaguga, an Aboriginal health worker and respected elder, states that inappropriate maternity care is responsible for the social dysfunction and loss of culture often seen in Indigenous communities (Kildea, 2006). Until this day Indigenous women have not had their voices heard or their knowledge recognised (Kildea, 2006). In order to improve maternal and perinatal health outcomes for Indigenous Australians holistic components from the Indigenous definition of health must be incorporated into maternity care and connection to country must be respected (Kildea, 2006). Maternity†¦show more content†¦Durey and Thompson (2012) explain that the act of balancing quality care and organisation efficiency means that minimal resources are allocated to providing and improving appropriate Indigenous health care. Unfortunate ly, this is a factor in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women avoiding culturally unsafe care and aggravates the vicious cycle that leads to poor maternal and perinatal outcomes (Kruske, Kildea Barclay, 2006). One of the recommendations made by the ‘Close the Gap’ campaign involves increasing the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health care workers (Kelly et al., 2014). It is thought that doing this will encourage more Indigenous Australians to attend health care services and also promote cultural safety therefore improving health outcomes for the Indigenous population (Kelly et al., 2014; Kildea, Kruske, Barclay Tracy, 2010). Increasing the number of trained Indigenous health care professionals will require the support of institutions such as universities, health services and organisations responsible for the distribution of scholarship funds (Kelly et al., 2014; Sherwood, 2013; Kildea, Kruske, Barclay Tracy, 2010). Specifically, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women must be encouraged and supported by universities to gain midwifery degrees